Endoscopic endonasal approach
Anesthesia type

General

Airway

ETT

Lines and access

large PIVs arterial line

Monitors

Standard ASA monitors Arterial BP

Primary anesthetic considerations
Preoperative
Intraoperative

Low to normal systolic BP to minimize bleeding Smooth emergence to avoid coughing/bucking

Postoperative
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This article is under consideration for being merged with Transphenoidal resection of pituitary tumor.

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Overview

Indications

Surgical procedure

Preoperative management

Patient evaluation

System Considerations
Airway
Neurologic
Cardiovascular
Pulmonary
Gastrointestinal
Hematologic
Renal
Endocrine
Other

Labs and studies

Operating room setup

Patient preparation and premedication

Regional and neuraxial techniques

Intraoperative management

Monitoring and access

Induction and airway management

Positioning

Maintenance and surgical considerations

Emergence

Postoperative management

Disposition

Pain management

Potential complications

Procedure variants

Variant 1 Variant 2
Unique considerations
Indications
Position
Surgical time
EBL
Postoperative disposition
Pain management
Potential complications

References