Difference between revisions of "Dexmedetomidine"
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Dexmedetomidine is an alpha-2 agonist that has been shown to have analgesic, anxiolytic, and sedative properties<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=DiLorenzo|first=Amy N.|last2=Schell|first2=Randall M.|date=2014-08|title=Morgan & Mikhail’s Clinical Anesthesiology, 5th Edition|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000000298|journal=Anesthesia & Analgesia|volume=119|issue=2|pages=495–496|doi=10.1213/ane.0000000000000298|issn=0003-2999}}</ref>. | |||
== Uses<!-- Describe uses of the drug. If appropriate, add subsections for each indication. --> == | == Uses<!-- Describe uses of the drug. If appropriate, add subsections for each indication. --> == | ||
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===Absolute contraindications<!-- List absolute contraindications for use of the drug. If none, this section may be removed. -->=== | ===Absolute contraindications<!-- List absolute contraindications for use of the drug. If none, this section may be removed. -->=== | ||
===Precautions<!-- List precautions for use of the drug. If none, this section may be removed. --> | ===Precautions=== | ||
Should be used with caution with any drugs that lower heart rate or cause hypotension as it may contribute to these hemodynamic changes.<ref name=":0" /> <!-- List precautions for use of the drug. If none, this section may be removed. --> | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
Latest revision as of 08:41, 9 August 2022
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| Clinical data | |
| Drug class |
Sedative hypnotic |
|---|---|
| Routes of administration |
IV, IM, IN |
| Dosage | |
| Pharmacodynamics | |
| Mechanism of action |
Alpha-2 agonism |
| Pharmacokinetics | |
| Physical and chemical data | |
| Article quality | |
| Editor rating | |
| User likes | 0 |
Dexmedetomidine is an alpha-2 agonist that has been shown to have analgesic, anxiolytic, and sedative properties[1].
Uses
ICU, intra-operative, and procedural sedation without respiratory depression or amnestic properties. May decrease opioid requirement, more so due to sedating rather than analgesic effects.
Contraindications
Absolute contraindications
Precautions
Should be used with caution with any drugs that lower heart rate or cause hypotension as it may contribute to these hemodynamic changes.[1]
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Mechanism of action
Central α-2 agonist with a 1600:1 affinity for α-2 receptors over α-1 receptors.
Adverse effects
Risk of hypotension and bradycardia, in a dose-dependent manner. Night terrors and transient behavioral effects in children have been reported when used for pre-anesthetic sedation, due to calming effects without amnestic properties.
Pharmacokinetics
Chemistry and formulation
History
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 DiLorenzo, Amy N.; Schell, Randall M. (2014-08). "Morgan & Mikhail's Clinical Anesthesiology, 5th Edition". Anesthesia & Analgesia. 119 (2): 495–496. doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000000298. ISSN 0003-2999. Check date values in:
|date=(help)