Difference between revisions of "Fentanyl"
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{{Infobox drug reference | {{Infobox drug reference | ||
| trade_names =Actiq, Duragesic, Sublimaze | | trade_names = Actiq, Duragesic, Sublimaze | ||
| drug_class =Opioid | | drug_class = Opioid | ||
| drug_class_color =opioid | | drug_class_color = opioid | ||
| uses =Analgesia | | uses = Analgesia | ||
| contraindications = | | contraindications = | ||
| routes =Buccal, Epidural, Intrathecal, Intravenous, Transdermal | | routes = Buccal, Epidural, Intrathecal, Intravenous, Transdermal | ||
| dosage = | | dosage = | ||
|halflife_elimination=16 hours|formula=5 minutes|image_file=Fentanyl.svg|protein_binding=80-85%|clearance=|time_onset=5 minutes|halflife_redistribution=6 minutes (initial) | | halflife_elimination = 16 hours | ||
1 hour (slow)|metabolism=Hepatic (CYP3A4)|duration=30-60 minutes|adverse_effects=|mechanism= | | formula = 5 minutes | ||
| image_file = Fentanyl.svg | |||
| protein_binding = 80-85% | |||
| clearance = | |||
| time_onset = 5 minutes | |||
| halflife_redistribution = 6 minutes (initial) | |||
1 hour (slow) | |||
| metabolism = Hepatic (CYP3A4) | |||
| duration = 30-60 minutes | |||
| adverse_effects = | |||
| dosage_calculation = fentanyl | |||
| mechanism = μ-opioid agonism | |||
| molar_mass = 336.479 g/mol | |||
}} | |||
'''Fentanyl''' is | '''Fentanyl''' is a synthetic, lipophilic phenylpiperidine opioid agonist used for analgesia. It is highly lipophilic leading to fast passage across the blood-brain barrier with a 6.8 minute onset time. Fentanyl will also rapidly redistribute to adipose and fatty tissue leading to a short duration of action. | ||
==Uses<!-- Describe uses of the drug. If appropriate, add subsections for each indication. -->== | ==Uses<!-- Describe uses of the drug. If appropriate, add subsections for each indication. -->== | ||
* Administration | |||
** IV, IM, transdermal, intranasal, intrathecal, epidural, buccal. | |||
==Contraindications<!-- List contraindications and precautions for use of the drug. -->== | ==Contraindications<!-- List contraindications and precautions for use of the drug. -->== | ||
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===Precautions<!-- List precautions for use of the drug. If none, this section may be removed. -->=== | ===Precautions<!-- List precautions for use of the drug. If none, this section may be removed. -->=== | ||
* | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
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====Mechanism of action<!-- Describe the mechanism of action for the primary uses of the drug. -->==== | ====Mechanism of action<!-- Describe the mechanism of action for the primary uses of the drug. -->==== | ||
* µ-selective opioid receptor | |||
* Low affinity: delta & kappa opioid receptors | |||
====Adverse effects<!-- Describe any potential adverse effects of the drug. -->==== | ====Adverse effects<!-- Describe any potential adverse effects of the drug. -->==== | ||
===Pharmacokinetics<!-- Describe the pharmacokinetics of the drug. -->=== | ===Pharmacokinetics<!-- Describe the pharmacokinetics of the drug. -->=== | ||
* Context Sensitive Half Time | |||
** Infusion or repeated doses lead to prolong duration of action as drug redistributes back from tissue to plasma. | |||
==Chemistry and formulation<!-- Describe the chemistry and formulation of the drug. -->== | ==Chemistry and formulation<!-- Describe the chemistry and formulation of the drug. -->== | ||
| Line 35: | Line 59: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
# Comer SD, Cahill CM. Fentanyl: Receptor pharmacology, abuse potential, and implications for treatment. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019 Nov;106:49-57. | |||
[[Category:Drug reference]] | |||
[[Category:Opioids]] | |||
[[Category:Opioid analgesics]] | |||
[[Category:Synthetic opioids]] | |||
[[Category:Analgesics]] | |||
[[Category:Local anesthetic adjuvants]] | |||
Latest revision as of 18:31, 1 February 2023
Fentanyl
| Trade names |
Actiq, Duragesic, Sublimaze |
|---|---|
 | |
| Clinical data | |
| Drug class |
Opioid |
| Uses |
Analgesia |
| Routes of administration |
Buccal, Epidural, Intrathecal, Intravenous, Transdermal |
| Dosage | |
| Pharmacodynamics | |
| Mechanism of action |
μ-opioid agonism |
| Pharmacokinetics | |
| Onset of action |
5 minutes |
| Duration of action |
30-60 minutes |
| Metabolism |
Hepatic (CYP3A4) |
| Redistribution half-life |
6 minutes (initial) 1 hour (slow) |
| Elimination half-life |
16 hours |
| Protein binding |
80-85% |
| Physical and chemical data | |
| Formula |
5 minutes |
| Molar mass |
336.479 g/mol |
| Article quality | |
| Editor rating | |
| User likes | 0 |
Fentanyl is a synthetic, lipophilic phenylpiperidine opioid agonist used for analgesia. It is highly lipophilic leading to fast passage across the blood-brain barrier with a 6.8 minute onset time. Fentanyl will also rapidly redistribute to adipose and fatty tissue leading to a short duration of action.
Uses
- Administration
- IV, IM, transdermal, intranasal, intrathecal, epidural, buccal.
Contraindications
Absolute contraindications
Precautions
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Mechanism of action
- µ-selective opioid receptor
- Low affinity: delta & kappa opioid receptors
Adverse effects
Pharmacokinetics
- Context Sensitive Half Time
- Infusion or repeated doses lead to prolong duration of action as drug redistributes back from tissue to plasma.
Chemistry and formulation
History
References
- Comer SD, Cahill CM. Fentanyl: Receptor pharmacology, abuse potential, and implications for treatment. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019 Nov;106:49-57.
Top contributors: Chris Rishel and Jashvin Patel