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nitroprusside) and inotropes with peripheral vasodilatory properties to improve hemodynamic parameters and clinical symptoms. The use of positive inotropes (parenteral

(Vitamin L). Cardiac Surgery patients need their daily Vitamin L. Inotropes Early use of inotropes is not a weakness, but a must in Cardiac Surgery. ICU = I SEE

benzodiazepine Propofol Inotropes Insulin (Actrapid infusion) Method of ventilation SIMV, n (%) Pressure support, n (%) Positive end-expiratory pressure

be renewed every 14 days) c. Requires continuous infusion of high-dose inotropes and continuous monitoring of left ventricular filling pressures (must be

intubation is currently preferable to high-flow nasal canula or non-invasive positive pressure ventilation. There have been reports of rapid deterioration after

postoperative cardiac patients, caution is mandated with inotropes and vasopressors. Inotropes increase myocardial oxygen demand and are arrhythmogenic;

intubation is currently preferable to high-flow nasal canula or non-invasive positive pressure ventilation. There have been reports of rapid deterioration after

thus management consists of adequate volume resuscitation, avoidance of inotropes, minimizing tachycardia, and early β-blockade (61, 64, 65). With these

saturation [SpO2] ≥88% on a fraction of inspired oxygen [FIO2] ≤50% and a positive end-expiratory pressure [PEEP] ≤8 cm H2O), any spontaneous inspiratory

of cardiac dysfunction remains largely supportive with judicious use of inotropes. Electrocardiographic changes, especially in hemodynamically stable patients

veins becomes negative, the veins collapse because they are surrounded by a positive atmospheric pressure in the abdomen. Vqhen they collapse, flow is instantaneously

MINUS STRAND First Positive Detection: patient is considered infectious Any Positive Detection: patient is considered infectious Positive Detection After

continuous infusion of a single high-dose intravenous inotrope or multiple intravenous inotropes, in addition to continuous hemodynamic monitoring of LV

MEP, motor-evoked potential; NMBD, neuromuscular blocking drugs; PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure; TIVA, total intravenous anesthesia; Vt, tidal

of the head of the bed and avoidance of excessive fluid administration. Positive pressure ventilation may increase resuscitation fluid requirements.6 Anesthesiology

cm H2O with minimal respiratory support (e.g., low levels of continuous positive airway pressure, pressure support) • �Adequate arterial blood gases: PaO2

LMA = laryngeal mask airway; mL = milliliters; mm = millimeters; PPV = positive pressure ventilation; SGA = supraglottic airway. All the checklists contained

232 209 9±4 64±25 231 215 9±4 63±24 9±4 114 60±24 99 8±3 92 104 Positive end-expiratory pressure — cm of water 67±25 117 108 Fraction of inspired

levels. With a random-effects meta-analysis, we also found evidence of positive effects for additional primary and secondary outcomes not included in the