Difference between revisions of "Nitric oxide"
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| uses = | | uses = Pulmonary HTN; RHF | ||
| contraindications = | | contraindications = severe LHF; R to L shunt | ||
| routes = | | routes = Inhalational | ||
| dosage = | | dosage = 1-20 ppm (parts per million) | ||
| mechanism = | |||
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Nitric oxide is a naturally occurring endothelial-derived vasodilator that exhibits most of its vasodilatory effects in the pulmonary vasculature.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ichinose|first=Fumito|last2=Roberts|first2=Jesse D.|last3=Zapol|first3=Warren M.|date=2004-06-29|title=Inhaled Nitric Oxide|url=https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/01.cir.0000134595.80170.62|journal=Circulation|volume=109|issue=25|pages=3106–3111|doi=10.1161/01.CIR.0000134595.80170.62}}</ref> It is frequently indicated for patients with right heart failure and hypoxemia. It exists as a colorless odorless gas, and is administered inhalationally. | Nitric oxide (NO) is a naturally occurring endothelial-derived vasodilator that exhibits most of its vasodilatory effects in the pulmonary vasculature.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ichinose|first=Fumito|last2=Roberts|first2=Jesse D.|last3=Zapol|first3=Warren M.|date=2004-06-29|title=Inhaled Nitric Oxide|url=https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/01.cir.0000134595.80170.62|journal=Circulation|volume=109|issue=25|pages=3106–3111|doi=10.1161/01.CIR.0000134595.80170.62}}</ref> It is frequently indicated for patients with right heart failure and hypoxemia. It exists as a colorless odorless gas, and is administered inhalationally. | ||
== Uses<!-- Describe uses of the drug. If appropriate, add subsections for each indication. --> == | == Uses<!-- Describe uses of the drug. If appropriate, add subsections for each indication. --> == | ||
* Pulmonary HTN | |||
* Right ventricular failure | |||
== Contraindications<!-- List contraindications and precautions for use of the drug. --> == | == Contraindications<!-- List contraindications and precautions for use of the drug. --> == | ||
=== Absolute contraindications<!-- List absolute contraindications for use of the drug. If none, this section may be removed. --> === | === Absolute contraindications<!-- List absolute contraindications for use of the drug. If none, this section may be removed. --> === | ||
* Severe left heart dysfunction | |||
* Congenital heart conditions with dependent right to left shunt (e.g. interrupted aortic arch, critical aortic stenosis, hypoplastic left heart syndrome), which would shunt blood away from systemic circulation toward pulmonary circulation | |||
=== Precautions<!-- List precautions for use of the drug. If none, this section may be removed. --> === | === Precautions<!-- List precautions for use of the drug. If none, this section may be removed. --> === | ||
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==== Mechanism of action<!-- Describe the mechanism of action for the primary uses of the drug. --> ==== | ==== Mechanism of action<!-- Describe the mechanism of action for the primary uses of the drug. --> ==== | ||
Nitric oxide diffuses to smooth muscle of pulmonary vasculature -> activates soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) -> converts GTP to cGMP -> activates protein kinase G -> increases Ca2+ reuptake -> decreased calcium decreasing myosin phosphorylation -> relaxation of smooth muscle. | |||
==== Adverse effects<!-- Describe any potential adverse effects of the drug. --> ==== | ==== Adverse effects<!-- Describe any potential adverse effects of the drug. --> ==== | ||
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== History<!-- Describe the historical development of the drug. --> == | == History<!-- Describe the historical development of the drug. --> == | ||
Initially discovered in 1987. Won Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1998. | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
[[Category:Drug reference]] | [[Category:Drug reference]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:05, 30 August 2021
Nitric oxide
| Clinical data | |
| Uses |
Pulmonary HTN; RHF |
|---|---|
| Contraindications |
severe LHF; R to L shunt |
| Routes of administration |
Inhalational |
| Dosage |
1-20 ppm (parts per million) |
| Pharmacodynamics | |
| Pharmacokinetics | |
| Physical and chemical data | |
| Article quality | |
| Editor rating | |
| User likes | 0 |
Nitric oxide (NO) is a naturally occurring endothelial-derived vasodilator that exhibits most of its vasodilatory effects in the pulmonary vasculature.[1] It is frequently indicated for patients with right heart failure and hypoxemia. It exists as a colorless odorless gas, and is administered inhalationally.
Uses
- Pulmonary HTN
- Right ventricular failure
Contraindications
Absolute contraindications
- Severe left heart dysfunction
- Congenital heart conditions with dependent right to left shunt (e.g. interrupted aortic arch, critical aortic stenosis, hypoplastic left heart syndrome), which would shunt blood away from systemic circulation toward pulmonary circulation
Precautions
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Mechanism of action
Nitric oxide diffuses to smooth muscle of pulmonary vasculature -> activates soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) -> converts GTP to cGMP -> activates protein kinase G -> increases Ca2+ reuptake -> decreased calcium decreasing myosin phosphorylation -> relaxation of smooth muscle.
Adverse effects
Pharmacokinetics
Chemistry and formulation
History
Initially discovered in 1987. Won Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1998.
References
- ↑ Ichinose, Fumito; Roberts, Jesse D.; Zapol, Warren M. (2004-06-29). "Inhaled Nitric Oxide". Circulation. 109 (25): 3106–3111. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000134595.80170.62.
Top contributors: Tony Wang