Difference between revisions of "Nitric oxide"
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Nitric oxide is a naturally occurring endothelial-derived vasodilator that exhibits most of its vasodilatory effects in the pulmonary vasculature.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ichinose|first=Fumito|last2=Roberts|first2=Jesse D.|last3=Zapol|first3=Warren M.|date=2004-06-29|title=Inhaled Nitric Oxide|url=https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/01.cir.0000134595.80170.62|journal=Circulation|volume=109|issue=25|pages=3106–3111|doi=10.1161/01.CIR.0000134595.80170.62}}</ref> It is frequently indicated for patients with right heart failure and hypoxemia. It exists as a colorless odorless gas, and is administered inhalationally. | Nitric oxide (NO) is a naturally occurring endothelial-derived vasodilator that exhibits most of its vasodilatory effects in the pulmonary vasculature.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ichinose|first=Fumito|last2=Roberts|first2=Jesse D.|last3=Zapol|first3=Warren M.|date=2004-06-29|title=Inhaled Nitric Oxide|url=https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/01.cir.0000134595.80170.62|journal=Circulation|volume=109|issue=25|pages=3106–3111|doi=10.1161/01.CIR.0000134595.80170.62}}</ref> It is frequently indicated for patients with right heart failure and hypoxemia. It exists as a colorless odorless gas, and is administered inhalationally. | ||
== Uses<!-- Describe uses of the drug. If appropriate, add subsections for each indication. --> == | == Uses<!-- Describe uses of the drug. If appropriate, add subsections for each indication. --> == | ||
* Pulmonary HTN | |||
** After heart transplant | |||
* Right ventricular failure | |||
== Contraindications<!-- List contraindications and precautions for use of the drug. --> == | == Contraindications<!-- List contraindications and precautions for use of the drug. --> == | ||
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==== Mechanism of action<!-- Describe the mechanism of action for the primary uses of the drug. --> ==== | ==== Mechanism of action<!-- Describe the mechanism of action for the primary uses of the drug. --> ==== | ||
Nitric oxide diffuses to smooth muscle of pulmonary vasculature -> activates soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) -> converts GTP to cGMP -> activates protein kinase G -> increases Ca2+ reuptake -> decreased calcium decreasing myosin phosphorylation -> relaxation of smooth muscle. | |||
==== Adverse effects<!-- Describe any potential adverse effects of the drug. --> ==== | ==== Adverse effects<!-- Describe any potential adverse effects of the drug. --> ==== | ||
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== History<!-- Describe the historical development of the drug. --> == | == History<!-- Describe the historical development of the drug. --> == | ||
Initially discovered in 1987. Won Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1998. | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
[[Category:Drug reference]] | [[Category:Drug reference]] | ||
Revision as of 19:33, 30 August 2021
Nitric oxide
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Nitric oxide (NO) is a naturally occurring endothelial-derived vasodilator that exhibits most of its vasodilatory effects in the pulmonary vasculature.[1] It is frequently indicated for patients with right heart failure and hypoxemia. It exists as a colorless odorless gas, and is administered inhalationally.
Uses
- Pulmonary HTN
- After heart transplant
- Right ventricular failure
Contraindications
Absolute contraindications
Precautions
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Mechanism of action
Nitric oxide diffuses to smooth muscle of pulmonary vasculature -> activates soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) -> converts GTP to cGMP -> activates protein kinase G -> increases Ca2+ reuptake -> decreased calcium decreasing myosin phosphorylation -> relaxation of smooth muscle.
Adverse effects
Pharmacokinetics
Chemistry and formulation
History
Initially discovered in 1987. Won Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1998.
References
- ↑ Ichinose, Fumito; Roberts, Jesse D.; Zapol, Warren M. (2004-06-29). "Inhaled Nitric Oxide". Circulation. 109 (25): 3106–3111. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000134595.80170.62.
Top contributors: Tony Wang